A Decades-Long ‘Conversation’ Between Yugoslav and Polish Rockers · Global Voices
Filip Stojanovski

The Gdańsk shipyard, a springboard for democratic changes in then-Communist Poland of the 1980s. A 2016 photo by Filip Stojanovski, CC BY.
Even though cultural ties between countries that formed ex-Yugoslavia and Poland are not too frequent, there's one form of communication that has been an exception. Over the last four decades, rock music had formed a peculiar bridge bringing the people of these countries closer together.
Republishing music in online video format enables us to take a peek into these developments.
The conversation started in the early 1980s, with the songs of Zagreb-based, multi-ethnic band Azra, which commented directly on the unfolding political situation in Poland at the time.
Their songs “Poljska u mome srcu” (“Poland in my heart”) and “Proljeće je 13. u decembru” (“Spring comes on December 13″) directly addressed the initial successes of the Solidarity movement, and  the regime's attempts to suppress it. The simple, yet powerful lyrics in Croatian/Serbian made the first song one of their most popular tunes:
Gdanjsk osamdesete / kada je jesen rekla ne
Gdanjsk osamdesete / držali smo palčeve
rudari, studenti, brodogradilište / svi mi
Gdanjsk osamdesete / uzavrele tvornice
dva puta se ne šalju / tenkovi na radnike
nisu se usudili / pobjedili smo svi mi
Poljska u mome srcu…
Gdańsk 1980 when the Autumn said no
Gdańsk 1980 we all crossed our fingers
miners, students, the shipyard — all of us
Gdańsk 1980 — the boiling factories
one can't send tanks against workers twice
they didn't dare — we all won, all of us
Poland in my heart…
Azra was one of the key bands of the Yugoslav New Wave, which built upon the  pop and rock base by combining new foreign influences like punk, ska and reggae, with native musical elements and addressing new themes — from urban existential angst to social issues and sometimes, political criticism. It was part of a well established popular music scene, which featured mainstream rock and a number of sub-genres.
Unlike other European socialist countries, non-aligned Yugoslavia was not part of the Eastern Bloc. In the cultural sense, it was much more open to Western than Eastern influences. Due to language barriers, its music industry mostly focused on internal consumption, not export. However, some Polish musicians acknowledged the work of their Yugoslav counterparts, producing covers of their songs. Over the years, this interest blossomed in the form of the tribute album “Yugoton”, released in 2001.
This project lead to the formation of the supergroup Yugopolis, whose members were already successful as solo artists or as part of other groups, and which published two additional albums in 2007 and 2012, as well as several compilations.
One of their most popular songs is “Ostatnia nocka” (“Last night”). Made with Maciej Maleńczuk, it is almost a direct rendition of “Verujem, ne verujem” (“I believe, I don't believe”) by Belgrade-based mainstream rock band Bajaga i Instruktori:
The 1988 song's lyrics can be interpreted as a reference to the need for political changes towards greater freedom.
Gluvo je doba, svi su zaspali
osеćam strašan nedostatak buke
hocu da vrištim, a ne mogu sam
ljudi su danas osetljivi na zvuke
Jer je noć, noć, noć, noć
totalni je mrak
nista se više ne vidi u tami
ovo svetlo je usamljeni zrak
osecam ipak k'o da nismo sami
ti i ja
Verujem / ne verujem
Ustani, nije vreme spavanja
dođi da čujes pobedničke trube
umij se vodom sa ovog izvora
napolju ljudi pevaju kroz zube
It's the dead of night, everybody's sleeping
I feel a terrible lack of noise
I wanna scream, but I can't do it alone
people today are sensitive to sounds
Because it's night, night, night, night
total darkness
you can't see anything in the blackness
this light is a lonely ray
still, I feel as if we are not alone
you and me
I belive / I don't believe
Get up, it's no time to sleep
come hear the victorious trumpets
wash your face with the water from this spring
outside the people sing through their [clenched] teeth
This particular song seems to resonate across Central and Eastern Europe — in September 2016, Russian band The Peace Dukes released a version in their language:
Another Yugopolis YouTube hit reinterprets another Azra classic — their first single, “Balkan” (“The Balkans”) — which is so popular that fans provided full translation in English online.
Unlike the self-deprecating Yu-original, the lyrics of the Polish version, “Sługi za szlugi” (“Servants to servants”), comments on the ongoing war of Russia against Ukraine, and the submission to authoritarian tendencies (“…a brave people afraid of its government…”):
With the breakup of Yugoslavia, Azra ceased to exist. Its front man, Branimir “Johnny” Štulić, emigrated to the Netherlands, refusing to return to any of the countries of the war-torn area.