Hong Kong Dock Workers Strike Against Long Hours, Low Pay  · Global Voices
Oiwan Lam

An ongoing strike by Hong Kong dock workers demanding a pay raise and protesting arduous working conditions is delivering a costly blow to the city's port operators and winning widespread support from the public.
A few hundred workers began to camp inside the docks on March 28, 2013 after subcontractors for Hutchison International Terminals (HIT) which runs the docks, rejected their demand for a 100 Hong Kong dollars [12.88 US dollars] or 20 percent pay increase per eight-hour shift. The subcontracting companies countered with an offer of 5 percent, far below what workers expected. A survey among dock workers showed that they are willing to settle with a 10 percent [zh] rise.
The workers, some of whom work 24-hour shifts, said that they haven't received raises since 2003 and their current salary is lower than what was paid in 1997.
A judge has since rule that the striking workers cannot enter the ship terminals; protests continue on the street outside the entrance.
HIT, which made a net profit of 2.2 billion HK dollars [zh] [283 million US dollars] from its terminal operation business in 2012, has refused [zh] to negotiate with the workers, insisting that the workers are not their employees but employees of the subcontracting companies. Those companies receive a service charge of 3.2 billion HK dollars [412 million US dollars] from HIT and spend only 710 million HK dollars [91 million US dollars] on dock workers.
According to HIT, the strike is costing the company five million Hong Kong dollars [644,000 US dollars] a day.
Hong Kong is the third busiest container port in the world, growing more than 50 percent between 2000 and 2012. But the growth has brought with it deteriorating working conditions because of what workers claim is exploitation by subcontractors.
Below is a video by Yiuman Fung from inmediahk.net showing the strike on April 1, 2013:
The Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (HKCTU) explained the relation between terminal operators, subcontractors and workers in an illustration, maintaining that the terminal operators sole objective is to squeeze workers and make a profit. In the illustration, subcontractors appear as executors:
Relation between dock operators, subcontractors and workers. Image by HKCTU
Stories of worker mistreatment have circulated on social media and citizen media, alerting the public to the miserable working conditions at the docks.
Since September 2012, dock workers started sharing their hardships on a Facebook page dedicated to collecting their stories. On October 2, 2012, one worker wrote [zh]:
當一個保安員月入過萬的時候
作為一個專業重型機械操作員日薪得
470 =470×26=12200
仲要係要求你連續做8小時冇食飯時間
冇福利 做得幾年週身病痛 冇醫療
你甘心做一個廉價勞工? 清醒一下 各位龍機判頭操作員 請你認真思考一下
The income of a security guard is now more than 10,000 Hong Kong dollars [1,288 US dollars] per month
As a specialized operator of heavy machinery such as crane operator, our monthly salary is 470 HK dollars [61 US dollars] x 26 days = 12,200 HK dollars [1,572 US dollars]
And we have to work continuously for eight hours without a meal break.
There are no benefits and after a few years, you develop pain all over your body and there is no medical insurance.
Do you want to remain cheap labor? Wake up crane operator drivers, please reflect on the situation.
The seat of crane operator uploaded by a dock worker to Facebook.
One worker uploaded a photo of the shabby crane operator seat [zh] that he is provided to Facebook on November 26, 2012:
爛成咁又唔換，一日要坐12個鐘
長期累月條腰就出問題
你班中層年尾出三四個月花紅，
連果一千幾百都慳
I have to sit on it 12 hours a day.
Will develop back problems in the long run.
The management class have 3-4 months bonus at the year end.
But they refuse to change the seat to save a few hundred dollars.
After a container truck driver died in his diver seat on January 19, 2013, a worker uploaded the news and commented [zh]:
呢個係一個警惕，碼頭呢行人工低時間長
身體有事就休息下，唔駛同佢搏命
不過都要同當時人講聲，[一路好走]
This is a warning. Low salary and long working hours at the dock
If you are sick, rest, don't risk your life.
Rest in peace, fellow worker.
Student activist Willis Ho described [zh] on inmediahk.net the working conditions of subcontracted dock workers and explained why HIT, a company under Hutchison Whampoa Limited, the largest dock operator in the world, is the main target of the strike:
公司旗下有五間外判商，分別為現創、聯榮、高寶、永豐及培記，負責聘請碼頭內不同的工種，包括橋邊理貨員（俗稱揸紙）、繫絪員（俗稱水爺）、機手、掛釩員、內運車司機、驗櫃員等。工種主要分為公司工及外判工，公司工由香港碼頭公司直接聘用，直屬李嘉誠，在待遇上較合理和穩定，例如有輪班時間、按月出糧（普遍有十七個月糧）、有固定食飯時間、年尾花紅等。外判工則由外判公司招聘，有時再作二判、三判。工作時間由十六至二十四小時不等，按工出糧，每二十四小時一千一百一十五元，三更工資不一。福利上，外判工沒有規定的食飯時間、也沒有醫療保障和花紅。
HIT is working with five subcontractors, including Yin Chong, Luen Wing, Ko Bo, Wing Fung, and Pui Kei to hire workers responsible for managing cargo, packing up the cargo, driving the crane operators, connecting the crane with containers, driving trucks, and double checking the cargo. The workers are divided into subcontract workers and company workers. Company workers are hired by HIT under Lee Kar Shing's business empire. They have better fringe benefits and more job security, for example they work one shift per day and are paid monthly (usually they have 17 monthly payments in one year), meal time break, year-end bonus, etc. As for the subcontracted workers, they are hired by the second or third tier subcontracting companies. Their working time is 16 to 24 hours (two to three shifts) and paid by shift. For every 24 hours, they are paid around 1,115 HK dollars, approximately 144 US dollars. Every shift has different pay. As for fringe benefits, subcontracted workers do not have meal time, medical insurance, or bonuses.
Workers protest inside the dock. Public domain photo by Leung Hy via inmediahk.net
試想像一個人連續工作二十四小時、在四號、六號、七號、八號泊位之間遊走，遊走整整，一晝一夜。事實上，貨櫃碼頭裡的揸紙和水爺，其實就是如此。他們要每月都連續工作廿四小時，做足三更。…在繁忙的船期，節日前後，外判商為了減少人手，碼頭工人不得不加班，「直踩」七十二小時。[…]現時揸紙和水爺工作一連三更，只得 $1115，比起1997年 $1480的工資水平更要低。換句話說，他們現時平均時薪大約只有 $ 50。
Just try to imagine a person working round the clock for 24 hours around docks 4 and 6 and 7 and 8 (note: the docks are owned by HIT), day and night. The reality is for the dock workers who are responsible for arranging and packing up the cargo, they are working in this manner, continuously for 24 hours in three shifts. […] At peak time, such as before and after holidays, subcontractors will force the workers to work overtime for 72 hours in order to avoid hiring more workers. […] The dock workers responsible for the cargo managing and packing who work continuously for three shifts only are paid 1,115 HK dollars [144 US dollars], lower than the 1,480 HK dollars [191 US dollars] paid back in 1997. In other words, their hourly paid is just 50 HK dollars [less than 7 US dollars].
The dock workers’ plight has won sympathy from members of the general public. Many have shown their support with photos such this one:
Supporters have uploaded their photos of support to Facebook.
Student volunteers have collected supplies [zh] such as rain clothes, sleeping bags, and bottled water for the striking workers. The Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions has also set up a fund to support the striking workers and has so far collected 1.4 million HK dollars [180,328 US dollars].