Nepal: Madhesh Is Burning

Madhesh is the southern plains of Nepal where half of the country lives. Madhesi are the people of Nepal, roughly half of the country. The Madhesi have been discriminated against for centuries. Now they are in a revolt that feels like the second part of the world shaking April Revolution.

For over a week now, the Madhesh has been in the limelight. It has been shut down. Daily curfews have been imposed in all the major towns of the Madhesh. This phase of the struggle was launched by the Madhesi Janadhikar Forum (MJF). For years the MJF was a small outfit. It has seen a rapid rise of popularity through this peaceful movement, and seems to be on its way to becoming a political party.

Nepali bloggers have been reporting on it depending on if they are Pahadi, the Nepali from the hills, or Madhesi. Pahadi bloggers seem to be expressing their bias and might be underreporting some aspects. This becomes even more interesting given that the government propaganda declares that this is not a social justice movement but rather an instigation of the royalists and the Hindu supremacists.

Madhesi – United We Stand has posts on various aspects of the movement. From a post titled Madhesi Murmurings.

If Madhesh was part of Nepal, then why Madheshis have not been given any chance to prove their patriotism in Nepali Army, the most patriotic institution of the country? As noted by a former Nepalese PM, Madheshis were not suited for army because Madheshis are not healthy and fit. If this argument stands true, Madhesh (said to be rice bowl) are facing “hidden hunger” (intakes of nutrition deficit diet) and need nutrition and health care from Nepal Government.

Global mainstream media also so far has stayed away from the movement. The MSM was all over the April Revolution. It was on TV in New York City, it was on the front page of the New York Times for days. However, Global MSM seems to buy into the image that Nepal is only hills and mountains, or it would be paying much more attention right now.

DFN aspires to be more a political tool than a blog. (The blog is also now accessed from a new domain name: Madhesi.net). DFN asks a crucial question which hopes to explore the attitude of the Pahadis, and if the Madhesi movement is somewhat like the movement for democracy in April 2006.

United We Blog also covers the issue. Some excellent photographs of the protests, giving a rare glimpse into the turmoil that Madesh finds itself in. A very intense discussion in the comments space for this post, as people discuss the curfew imposed in the area.

Mero Sansar, (in Nepali) covers the issue from what maybe construed as a slightly biased position. Parivartan Nepal has a post that sums up the situation.

The primary thrust of the Madhesi movement is simple to understand. They want to get rid of the past political arrangements based on the principles and practices of internal colonization. Now, they want Madhesi autonomous governance mechanism, federal system and proportional representation including in the election of the constituent assembly. Simply, they are asking for equitable power sharing.

Counterpoint takes a look at neighbouring India to make a point about federalism.

This comparsion clearly shows that federalism would be viable only when it is based on notions of democracy and equal opportunity. Today, we can see many north Indians working in South India and many south Indians working in North India. With autonomy, people have their own identity and this has put a stop to unnecessary wranglings over one’s political rights.

Ajay Dhakal expresses concern, as does Blogger Nepal. Counterpoint has an article by a student leader Gagan Thapa on the issue. (All these are links to blogs in Nepali.)

14 comments

  • could you help me understand what the roots of the problem are…is it about religion, history, racism, ethnic differences, caste? keep in mind that in an important sense deep disagreement presupposes some fundamental agreements…seek those areas of common concern…and keep blogging!

  • Shankar Karna

    The most important thing regarding Madheshis that anyone must remember is that Madhesh region of Nepal is not a sovereign and independent of itself. Let’s take a look. Physically it is a part of Nepal currently but ethnically it is a part of Mithilanchal and was physically too a part of Mithilanchal in past. Mithilanchal is a place where most of the people speak Maithili and infact is a mithila region that ranges from Terai parts of Nepal to northern parts of India, the capital of which is Janakpur which is located in Nepal where King Janak ruled and his palace locates here. So the aspirations of people of madhesh are more directed towards the people of mithilanchal where they have family ties and infact the motherland where people share same culture, customs and brotherhood. Like People born in Rukum have ties with people born in Dolpa culturally, politically and racially even if they don’t know each other but they understand people by culture and they take no time in recognizing each others. Obviously It is a natural phenomenon supported by science and similarly one who is the aborigine of Janakpur and one who is the aborigine of Darbhanga (a city in India in northern Bihar where the great poet Vidya pati was born and is a part of Mithilanchal) and both being the part of same anchal i.e. “Mithilanchal” no one can deny the fact that Mithilanchal is our home (both people living in Janakpur and Darbhanga) by birth like hilly region for pahadis. Its therefore common the internal migration taking place in Mithilanchal (eg. Some migrating from Darbhanga to Janakpur and some migrating from Janakpur to Darbhanga for their easiness and they see it migrating in their own home). Mithilanchal is a territory that occupies both the parts of India and Nepal. Infact Pahadi people want to be identified themselves by the name of Lord Sita and Gautam Buddha in the world but after recognizing they are the part of Terai and Mithilanchal they show their their outrage to madheshi people and infact become jealous at us. Its their judgement that the people of Terai are Indians and they say it because their only source of nationalism is anti-indianism . I don’t think there is any wrong in that because that is a truth because we had been Indians for so long and only before 238 years we physically became a part of Nepal. So there is no need to feel bad for Madheshis if somebody calls them Indian because it is Madheshis right to be called Indians. If people want to hear we calling Indians ourselves, we must tell them and clear them our identity and thus fight for that identity regarding the truth. And remember Truth always wins the battle whatever be the consequences and if not we will prove it so. We are mentally and physically prepared for that though we prefer to resolve the problem through table talk and common consensus rather than violence. But it has now been clear among all madheshis that they are not going to live under such inequality and injustice and with very negligible participation in state of affairs despite the madheshis accounting for half the population .Now we have already known that we are deciding our future and our way of living.
    And the Pahadis are fool to think that we Madheshis have forget our motherland , our culture and our social structure and accommodated in theirs because of their feudalistic power and threats under a controlled territory. Pahadis can not tolerate the fact of ties that Madheshis have to Mithilanchal of India. Besides they are always afraid of the future if whole the people of Mithilanchal comes and conquer the power in Nepal and they remain with nothing at all. But they must evaluate the consequences if that really does happen. And till now they have been successful to keep us under control knowing our weaknesses and fooling us in the name of Hinduism. They know Madheshis enjoy simple ,innocent and hard-working life with mutual understanding and brotherhood and thus they take advantage of our innocence and remain in power and utilizing all the resources that madheshis have (75% of revenue generated from terai and madheshi people) for their benefits alone. The reason they praise our valued Deepawali, Holi and chhat festival because they are well aware of our simple ,happy and brotherly life. Infact some kind of jeolosy is always there in their mind and they are aware that once we madheshis are given opportunity in state affairs we always tend to march above them politically and culturally.
    So the problem seems to be never ending for now. We must terminate the violence and look for a happy, peaceful and successful life individually. So the question arises on how we can solve the problem? Yes, there is a complete solution for this. I will tell you. There are only two ways. The first one is to fulfill the demand that the terai activists are currently demanding i.e. representation on the basis of population and declaring the Madhesh a separate state. This only ensures the Madheshis rights and their freedom and their right of self-esteem, self-actualization self-determination and self-rule because the history has shown that Madhesh never runs for the welfare of Madheshis if it it in the hand of Pahadis. This way Madheshis can make their life better and obtain a good standard of living because their resources will no longer benefit for others except for themselves and this can be obtained through peaceful revolution and table talk. We become a part of Nepal in this way not only physically but emotionally as well but with our unique identity, our own culture , our own understanding and our own way of life with self-esteem, self-determination and self-actualization. The second way follows the first way if the first way is not fulfilled. If the first way is not fulfilled, we madheshis compulsorily but not by our will have to go for revolution both armed and unarmed and we are determined for our identity and the truth. And we the people of Mithilanchal have always remained truthful and will remain truthful forever. And after complete freedom , its Madheshis who are going to do decide what they are going to do with their land and their motherland with a distinct identity that they are not having at present. So it’s not the madheshis who have to act or suffer now. The madheshis have for now only to look for the responses from Pahadis regarding the first way that the madheshis have sought. Its pahadis who have to act now and on the basis of their performance Madheshis are going to decide what measures they will take in future and they have already pre-decided about the action and reaction. So its better for the Pahadi government to decide on time the needs of Madheshis otherwise they have to repent in the future. Moreover, Pahadi people and Pahadi government have very few time to decide otherwise they will be the ones responsible for the mass destruction of lives and infrastructure.
    We want peace but we don’t want peace where lies injustice and inequality, negligible participation in state affairs and lack of self-determination, self-esteem and self-actualization and avoidance from utilization from our own resources and don’t want Pahadis representation in Madheshi areas. Above mentioned paragraph is my independent thought without being pressurized from Pahadis thought of unity in diversity but I love diversity in unity and this is the “aawaaz” and the general feelings and aspirations of Madheshi people. Hope the first way works.

  • Kaluram

    Source: http://www.blog.com.np/united-we-blog/2007/03/26/mprf-hired-professional-killers-in-gaur/

    MPRF Hired Professional Killers in Gaur’
    26,03,2007

    Dr Mathura Shrestha, a prominent human rights activist, visited Gaur a day after the carnage, in which 28 persons died. Dr Shrestha served as Health Minister in the post-1990 interim government. He attended a meeting of MPRF in Delhi and met also Chief of Janatantrik Mukti Morcha, Jaya Krishan Goit, a couple of times. Dr Shrestha out-rightly rejects Prachanda’s view of outlawing MPRF. He suggests that addressing the Madhesi problems and implementing the decisions taken by the SPA plus Maoists, thus far, help restore peace and democracy in this country. Dr Shrestha shares his opinion and recounts eyewitnesses’ count on the Gaur carnage with Puran P Bista and Ghanashyam Ojha of the Kathmandu Post.

    Q: How do you recount the gory incident of Gaur after your recent visit?

    Dr Mathura Shrestha: Madhesi People’s Rights Forum (MPRF) had made an announcement through mikes five days ago for holding a public meeting in Gaur at 11 pm on last Wednesday. Madhesi Mukti Morcha (MMM) set up the stage for the carnage after it, too, decided to hold the public meeting on the same ground at the same time on the same day.

    The locals feared of something. As a result, president Deo Padayar Gupta of Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industry, Rautahat branch, invited the MPRF and MMM cadres to attend the meeting on Wednesday morning at around 8:00 am.

    But none of them attended the meeting. At around 10 am, rallies of both the parties began. Some of the participants in the rallies had come from adjoining VDCs. The rallies, organized by both the parties, met near the district court. The participants in the rallies waved, clapped their hands and welcomed each other’s rally, showing an understanding on the holding of Wednesday’s public meeting. The locals took this incident as a good gesture that MPRF would hold its meeting first, and then MMM would do so, on the same ground but at different time. Then, the Maoist rally passed through Gaur, while MPRF’s rally converted into a public meeting at the Rice Mill ground.

    The ground is near the district court. First, the MPRF cadres dismantled the MMM stage built for the public meeting. A few MMM cadres present there were beaten up. These MMM cadres left the ground to inform their leaders of the incident. Chairing MPRF’s meeting was Ram Prasad Biswas. No sooner had Biswas taken his chair as a chief guest, than the MMM cadres entered the field and began to disrupt MPRF’s meeting. Then, from the southern and western sides, some people fired shots at MMM cadres. Later, some MPRF cadres fired from within the stage at MMM cadres.

    According to eye witnesses, MPRF cadres used socket bombs and small fire arms, besides sharp weapons and cleft bamboo sticks. I think MPRF had hired notorious higher killers.

    Q: How can you claim so when you were not present there?

    Dr Shrestha: Within two minutes, over a dozen MMM cadres were killed. Then, the MPRF-hired professional killers chased the MMM cadres. Some of the MMM cadres not acquainted with Gaur entered into nearby houses for safety. They were dragged out of these houses and killed. Some of the MMM cadres were chased as far as eight kilometers and killed. Some of the dead bodies were buried in a water canal.

    I was told by eyewitnesses that eight of the killers were local Nepalis and 25 others were Indians. The three locals are Balru, Hafij Mukhiya and Binda Hasin Sahani. The eyewitnesses recounted that “the police force could do nothing”. But local police contradicted this statement saying that “they blank-fired to stop the killings”. Some local people even claimed that Upendra Yadav was staying at the house next to Dr Tayab and the superintendent of police escorted him up to Barganiya near Nepal-India border.

    What was heinous was that five of the women were raped in public. Two people caught their legs and other MPRF cadres raped them in public. Later their breasts were chopped off and burnt to deface their identity. Gagan Singh, Bhusan Singh, Baban and Guddu Jha were involved in raping and chopping-off-activities. Two local Muslim girls were taken away and their whereabouts are still unknown.

    Q: Are these rapists local or Indian criminals?

    Dr Shrestha: They should be local people because the local residents knew them well and everyone could pronounce their names clearly. Twelve of the MMM cadres were killed at Hajmonia, some 12 kilometers away from Gaur. They included three women and nine men.

    Q: According to your assessment, what was the police force doing at that time?

    Dr Shrestha: Police could do nothing when government offices were set on fire by the MPRF cadres some weeks ago. The police force has been unable to wipe the sign boards written Madesh Sarkar in government offices. What can you expect from them?

    Secondly, you must understand that King Gynendra conducted municipality polls. All the political parties boycotted the polls except Kamal Thapa’s. And you must have learnt that the highest turn out in the country was at Gaur – almost 72 percent of the voters cast their votes in Gaur municipality polls. And Kamal Thapa’s candidate got 92 percent of the votes polled. Now you can think of the situation there. Recently, all the government offices have been set on fire. By whom?

    A girl of late 20s raised a question. She asked me, “Dr Sahab, is political change meant for criminals or the people?” I was shocked to hear such a question from a girl who I think was forced to leave her studies. Then, I asked a few more questions. Her response was: “there is none who supports MPRF at Gaur and I do not know other places. But whatever MPRF wants, it happens here. We can do nothing in the presence of MPRF because of criminalization of politics, culture and religion”.

    Until the restoration of democracy 1990, there had been a mafia group operating in Gaur. This mafia used to smuggle hashish, gold and idols, and traffic women. But the restoration of democracy led to an emergence of another mafia group. This group killed the leader of the Panchayat mafia in Janakpur. The locals say that the democratic parties have given this mafia group a political protection. Whenever they are arrested, the parties ask the police force to release them. The NC, UML and other political cadres feed and pay them. During the early 1990s, there had been clashes between these two mafia groups. Today, they have joined their hands and the dacoits across the border have also been working in tandem with these two mafia groups.

    So, it looks that these groups have been very active in Gaur and its adjoining districts. The locals say that MPRF is a mere mask. These two mafia groups are active in the name of MPRF. Even human rights activists cannot release any report on these mafia leaders as they threaten to kill them.

    Q: How could these mafias be hired by MPRF to the extent of butchering so many MMM cadres?

    Dr Shrestha: MPRF hired professional killers. They paid them money. Eight of them were Nepali criminals and over 25 were Indian professional killers. I am talking about only those who fired gunshots. Today, the cost to hire the professional killer groups comes to 15 million rupees.

    These killers are used during the elections in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states also. You do not have to campaign if you pay 15 million rupees to these professional killers. You win the elections. I was shocked to hear such stories from a girl who was forced to leave her studies by these local mafias.

    I was further told that a girl cannot get married to a man of her or her family’s choice in Gaur. These mafias come and ask the girl to get married to their choice. If she refuses, she is threatened to be taken to a nearby mango tree and raped to be left a prostitute. Such incidents are common in Gaur. These mafias have been very active since King Gyanendra’s regime conducted municipal elections. Now they are being used by MPRF.

    These are the tips of the iceberg. In fact Gaur is ruled by criminals and the SPA government, until recently, considered them its allies. Apart from eight Nepalis and 25 Indian professional killers, some MPRF cadres hit with cleft bamboo sticks. Each MMM cadre killed and injured had deep cuts in their heads. You see a cleft bamboo stick is as sharp as khukuri. And you can’t survive if you are hit with a cleft bamboo stick on your head. They used other sharp weapons too. All the hospitalized had head injuries. One MMM cadre, who left the hospital after a doctor advised her to leave, was later caught and hit by a cleft bamboo stick. Now that girl is on her death bed. I was shocked to learn that MPRF hired professional killers to kill unarmed MMM cadres.

    Q: Whom do you blame for the carnage?

    Dr Shrestha: What I have been advocating for the past several months is that we should not have opposed MPRF-organized protest programs. The main reason that let the Maoists oppose the MPRF organized protest movement is that the SPA gave up its stance on addressing the Madhesi problems. First, the SPA gave up its stance on federalism in the interim constitution. Second, it gave up its stance on proportional representation. Third, it raised the issue of public opinion and later it gave it up. All this disappointed the Madhesis and other ethnic groups in the hill and mountain.

    Now we must realize that democracy did generate hope but doubts are undermining our hope for democracy. I see this is the emergence of people’s resentment. It is there in Madhes, hill and mountain. The movement in Madhes was not started by MPRF but by Nepal Sadhbhawana Party (Anandi Devi). MPRF shot into the fame only.

    I agree there are politicians in MPRF. I met Upendra Yadav personally and informed him of SPA’s stance on the demands. I advised him to give up the political demands since the SPA government was preparing to address his demands. Secondly, I told him to use peace as a weapon to raise the demands. His response was “we have been put behind bars, now all our cadres are out of our control”, adding that “it will be a peaceful movement.” He had assured me that he would even hold talks with the janjati groups, which he did not do so. Let us not talk of him now. He is not the right kind of politician. He was just a village level leader though he may claim himself a national leader.

    Second, the primary concern is that the second revolt (April uprising, even if you call it a people’s movement) brought the eight parties into a single platform. If these leaders of eight parties continue with leg-pulling politics, then the Gaur carnage is the beginning. These leaders take decisions but fail to implement them. What is the reason behind the failure to implement or delay in implementing and blaming one another? This is not the way of playing politics.

    Q: But the SPA continues to insist on arms registration before the formation of eight-party government. Isn’t it?

    Dr Shrestha: Arms registration is not a big deal, nor is it the problem. The Nepali Congress did raise arms against the establishment, not once but twice. If we add the incident of Okhaldhunga, it raised arms thrice. When the NC reached an agreement with the then government, it did not surrender all the weapons; so did the Marxists after the Jhapa killing. The Marxist and NC did not surrender all the weapons they had in their possession.

    So, history clearly tells us that registration of weapons is not the primary concern. The Maoists have agreed to join mainstream politics. Why can’t the SPA be accommodative now? The Gaur carnage is an outcome of Maoist pride and the anarchy let loose in the country. There are several counter-Maoist groups unleashing anarchy. Unless the eight parties come together and build trust among themselves, the country will continue to reel under violence.

  • Madheshis– wherever you are–this is the urgency of time for us to be united and let madhesh fight for justice. No more tolerance. We Madheshis honor the guests, even the uninvited ones, but we cannot tolerate their excesses. This is my sincere request “please be united”, unless we will be aliens one day. We have endured enough, not anymore. We comprise more then 50% and more capable to run Nepal, educated and learned. We demand atleast 50% representation in Nepal. We have requested enough, now is the time to snatch it.

    We all madheshis must be willing to fight for our brothers to end the brutal rule of pahades.

    Jai Madhesh

  • I need all disaster enents of Nepal cause by Madhesh Movement

  • son of nepal

    First of all, the allegations by these so-called Madhesh supporters completely lacks any valid and logical arguments. We Nepalese have been independent since our origin and we are aware of the fact that India is our biggest threat. Annexing a whole kingdom like Sikkim certainly proves the fact. The Madhesh movement going on right now is nothing more than Indian govenment’s another attempt to destabilize Nepal as it has always tried to do so. For centuries we had lived together and now all of a sudden how can there be so many differences.
    Regarding Shriwastav’s “We comprise more then 50% and more capable to run Nepal, educated and learned. We demand atleast 50% representation in Nepal. We have requested enough, now is the time to snatch it”, I think he should first see the statistics before making any claims. People from Tarai roughly comprises nearly 30% (http://www.nepaldemocracy.org/ethnicity/ethnic_demography.htm). Also it is irrational to claim for representation based on population and only a fool would claim that. Qualification is the one and only way out. I know there are a lot of Madhesh leaders who are in the government so I think Mr. Shrivastav is completely unaware of this fact which makes me suspect him as an Indian agent who is trying to spread false information over the internet.
    The opening statement by this blog’s originator which says “Madhesh is the southern plains of Nepal where half of the country lives. Madhesi are the people of Nepal, roughly half of the country. The Madhesi have been discriminated against for centuries. Now they are in a revolt that feels like the second part of the world shaking April Revolution.” is hilarious. I dont really understand how any of the Madhesis has ever been discriminated. How does he define the discrimination? Has any of the Madhesis ever been deprived of their constitutional rights? If so I challenge him to give me one single example. April Revolution cannot be compared with this andolan because it just sounds stupid. April Revolution was a revolution for the kingdom of Nepal. It was a challange to the century old foundation of the feudal monarchy system. It led to establishment of permanent peace, end of civil war and most important of all we restored democracy. But the Madhesh andolan is an attempt to destabilize Nepal when our country is going through a transition period.
    I might sound biased but it is the reality. I know that some of the MAdheshi friends will think of me as an ultra-nationalist but I am not.Madheshis who has lived here for centuries are also Nepalese. So I request all the patriotic Madhesi Nepalese to work togehter wilh all the Nepalese and work hard for a better future. It is democracy and your voice will be heard if there has ever any discrimination. United we stand and divided we fall.
    Peace

  • smt

    The bottom line is Nepali nationalism which is defined by our territorial integrity, nepali language, nepali constume.
    Any people who respect this should be considered nepali. Anyone who wants to propogate indian views, hindi language must be taken to task and not respect Nepal’s nationalism should be sent home to india.

    Madhesh is part of Nepal’s terai and they must follow the law of the land. The national language of Madhesh is Nepali, Nepali constume its national costume , Nepali anthem its national anthem . There is no room for hindi !! that should be made final.
    Any attempt to include this language would seriously hurt the nepali sentiments.

    Above all, citizenship that was distributed during Krishna Prasad Sitaula must be investigated and all illegal ones should be confiscated. Sitaula must be taken to taken to task too as he has done untold damage to the nation.

    Maoist must work for Nepali intergrity and nationalism coupled with robust economic agenda !!

  • Pant,Dibakar, Currently in the US

    Whole issues need to be taken overally from the prospect of nationality and broarder unity among the diversity.All need to very cautious and patriotric before raising the partisan,regional,tribal,sectarian,religious,ethencity and individal issues.What is very suicidal and disappointing is most acts and raising issues currently seen in the floor are only contrinutor to evil external force who is not like to see united and stron Nepal.So,let us not take heat to save from cold wave out of the fore from burning own living home.Democracy and development at the cost of nation,nationality and sovereignty is not worthy and useful.First needs to be think about nation then remaining other come later.

  • Babbler

    With the Forum led by Upendra Yadav insisting on the portfolio of Foreign Affairs in the new government of the Republic of Nepal under the Maoist leader Prachanda, the Madhesi problem acquires yet another serious dimension. All Nepalese concerned about safeguarding Nepal’s sovereign independent status need to be more vigilant in the coming days. Prachanda’s immature decision to visit Beijing in the cover of attending the Closing Ceremony of the Olympics and his not-so-subtle reference blaming India for the floods in Sunsari may have provided further ground to use the handy tool of the Madhesi problem to teach Nepal a lesson. May Lord Pashupatinath save Nepal’s sovereignty.

  • suman (kalidas)

    For your kind information ,read it and find your ground .Demand put forward by madhesi ‘one single madhesh Federal state’ is not possible demand because province with the right to self determination is taken as a right to get freedom from colonier, a right to self determination UN has provisioned the right to self determination in article 1 of UDHR and ICCPR for colonier and Madhesh is not colonial of Nepal because Nepalese Terai had never been ‘Madhesh’ .No any historical record or evidence proves this fact although some disintegrative elements and external forces are trying hard to turn Terai into ‘Madhesh’repeatedly through violent demonstration and some so called Madheshi intellectual forums .

    The term ‘Madhesh ‘or Arya Brata a corrupt for ‘Madhhya Desh’was locating in the middle part of Jammu Desh ,historically used for the ‘middle’ or ‘in between flat indo -gangatic territory lying between Bidhyachal Mountain and Himalayas .The inhabitants were thus called Madheshi .In that time Himawat khanda was the Norhten part of jammu Deep where the Himancahal pradesh of india ,Nepal,sikkim and Bhutan was locating in the whole northen region and Nepal was called by the name of Rudra Desh or Kinnar Kesh or Kirat Kesh and after the unification it was began to call Nepal .With the groawing population pressure in Madhya Desh (Madhesh )lying of railways lines near the border in india ,clearing of sourthern Nepelese Terei forest for timber , trade and land revenues ,It was natural for the Madheshis to move northwards and settled in the Terai ,was pushed out the Tharus and other similar indigenous communities to further move north in the jungles .
    The historty of Madheshi immigration in Terai does not go beyond more than hundred years .The liberal policy of the center ,open border policy ,famined in Bengal and Bihar in india and the favourable government policy of Nepal helped to adjust well in the Terai .All these fact prove Masheshi are not nepelese they are migrant ,and Terai is not colonial so it should not be made province for migrant .

    All these demand are put in the interest of india for creating economics blockades ,manipulation of natural resources such as water and other resources in Terai during economic or political bargaining with Nepal .

    Common Nepelese take this demand as suicidal game for national existences .

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